The state of matter are interconvertible. They can be interchanged by changing temperature or pressure.
Term related to interconversion of states of matter are
i.Fusion The process of melting,i.e., change of solid state into liquid state is also known as fusion.
ii.Melting Point The temperature at which a solid starts to melt to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.Melting point of ice is 0 degree Celsius.
iii. Sublimation It is the process used for those solids which converts directly into vapours on heating without converting into liquid phase and the vapours upon cooling give back the solid.Such solids are called sublimates.
iv. Vaporisation The process in which a liquid substance changes into gas rapidly on heating is called vaporisation.The same phenomenon is called evaporation when heating is categorised to be done below the boiling point of the liquid.
v. Boiling Point The temperature at which a liquid start boiling at the atmospheric pressure is known as its boiling point.boiling point of water at normal pressure is 100 degree Celsius.
vi. Condensation It is the process in which gas changes into the liquid state or liquid changes to solid state i.e., solidification.
vii. Latent Heat It is the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance undergoing a change of state such as ice changing to water or water to steam at constant temperature.
Latent heat of fusion is defined as the amount of heat energy that is required to change 1 kg of solid into liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point.
Latent heat of vaporisation is the heat required to change 1 kg of liquid to gas at the atmospheric pressure at its boiling point.
Effect of Changes of Pressure
By increasing pressure and reducing temperature,we can change a gas into liquid and a liquid into solid and reverse is achieved by decreasing pressure and increasing temperature.
>Due to latent heat of vaporisation,particles in steam,i.e.,water vapour at (373K) have more energy than that of water at the same temperature.that's why steam causes severe burns than that of water at 100 degree Celsius.
>At high altitudes,atmospheric pressure is low,therefore,the vapour pressure of a liquid becomes equal to atmospheric pressure at low temperature,i.e., water boils at a temperature less than 100 degree Celsius and hence food required more time to cook.
>Inside the pressure cooker,pressure is high and hence,water boils at a temperature higher than 100 degree Celsius. thus, less time is required to cook the food.
>In the presence of impurity,boiling point increases and freezing point decreases.
>Solid carbon dioxide is stored under high pressure,It gets converted directly to gaseous state on decreasing pressure to 1 atm without coming into liquid state.that's why it is also called dry ice or dry kold.
Term related to interconversion of states of matter are
i.Fusion The process of melting,i.e., change of solid state into liquid state is also known as fusion.
ii.Melting Point The temperature at which a solid starts to melt to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.Melting point of ice is 0 degree Celsius.
iii. Sublimation It is the process used for those solids which converts directly into vapours on heating without converting into liquid phase and the vapours upon cooling give back the solid.Such solids are called sublimates.
iv. Vaporisation The process in which a liquid substance changes into gas rapidly on heating is called vaporisation.The same phenomenon is called evaporation when heating is categorised to be done below the boiling point of the liquid.
v. Boiling Point The temperature at which a liquid start boiling at the atmospheric pressure is known as its boiling point.boiling point of water at normal pressure is 100 degree Celsius.
vi. Condensation It is the process in which gas changes into the liquid state or liquid changes to solid state i.e., solidification.
vii. Latent Heat It is the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance undergoing a change of state such as ice changing to water or water to steam at constant temperature.
Latent heat of fusion is defined as the amount of heat energy that is required to change 1 kg of solid into liquid at atmospheric pressure at its melting point.
Latent heat of vaporisation is the heat required to change 1 kg of liquid to gas at the atmospheric pressure at its boiling point.
Effect of Changes of Pressure
By increasing pressure and reducing temperature,we can change a gas into liquid and a liquid into solid and reverse is achieved by decreasing pressure and increasing temperature.
>Due to latent heat of vaporisation,particles in steam,i.e.,water vapour at (373K) have more energy than that of water at the same temperature.that's why steam causes severe burns than that of water at 100 degree Celsius.
>At high altitudes,atmospheric pressure is low,therefore,the vapour pressure of a liquid becomes equal to atmospheric pressure at low temperature,i.e., water boils at a temperature less than 100 degree Celsius and hence food required more time to cook.
>Inside the pressure cooker,pressure is high and hence,water boils at a temperature higher than 100 degree Celsius. thus, less time is required to cook the food.
>In the presence of impurity,boiling point increases and freezing point decreases.
>Solid carbon dioxide is stored under high pressure,It gets converted directly to gaseous state on decreasing pressure to 1 atm without coming into liquid state.that's why it is also called dry ice or dry kold.
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